{"id":24807,"date":"2022-06-14T12:55:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-14T10:55:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/?p=24807"},"modified":"2025-07-29T13:04:56","modified_gmt":"2025-07-29T11:04:56","slug":"copia-de-seguridad-en-linux-usando-rclone","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/es\/copia-de-seguridad-en-linux-usando-rclone\/","title":{"rendered":"Gu\u00eda para Realizar Copias de Seguridad en un Servidor Linux con Rclone"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-copia-de-seguridad-de-un-servidor-linux-en-s3-object-storage-usando-rclone\">Copia de Seguridad de un Servidor Linux en S3 Object Storage usando Rclone<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>En esta publicaci\u00f3n, te mostraremos c\u00f3mo crear copias de seguridad manuales y programadas de cualquier servidor Linux en un almacenamiento de objetos S3 utilizando&nbsp;<strong>rclone<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Esta gu\u00eda puede usarse para realizar copias de seguridad en cualquier servidor que ejecute Linux, ya sea un\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/contabo.com\/en\/dedicated-servers\/\">Servidor Dedicado<\/a><\/strong>,\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/contabo.com\/en\/vps\/\">VPS<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0o\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/contabo.com\/en\/vds\/\">VDS<\/a><\/strong>. Los siguientes comandos fueron probados en\u00a0<strong>Ubuntu 18.04 (64 bits)<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>Ubuntu 20.04 (64 bits)<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>Debian 9<\/strong>\u00a0y\u00a0<strong>Debian 10<\/strong>. Otras distribuciones como\u00a0<strong>CentOS<\/strong>\u00a0pueden requerir algunos ajustes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Debes tener acceso root para ejecutar los comandos indicados en este art\u00edculo. Inicia sesi\u00f3n como root o eleva tus privilegios con el siguiente comando:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo -i<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-obtener-las-credenciales-s3-para-almacenar-la-copia-de-seguridad\">Obtener las Credenciales S3 para Almacenar la Copia de Seguridad<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Usaremos\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/contabo.com\/en\/object-storage\/\">Contabo Object Storage<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0como almacenamiento de respaldo en este tutorial, asumiendo que ya tienes una suscripci\u00f3n activa al servicio al seguir esta gu\u00eda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Primero, necesitas las siguientes credenciales:\u00a0<code>access_key<\/code>,\u00a0<code>secret_key<\/code>\u00a0y\u00a0<code>URL<\/code>. Para el Object Storage de Contabo, estas se encuentran en la secci\u00f3n\u00a0<strong>Object Storage<\/strong>\u00a0del\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/my.contabo.com\/\">CCP<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0(Customer Control Panel).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-image uagb-block-1b01bb9f wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default wp-block-uagb-image--effect-static wp-block-uagb-image--align-none\"><figure class=\"wp-block-uagb-image__figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/S3-credentials-a833c5b7e8fc8dcef9173da77583479a.png.webp ,https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/S3-credentials-a833c5b7e8fc8dcef9173da77583479a.png.webp 780w, https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/S3-credentials-a833c5b7e8fc8dcef9173da77583479a.png.webp 360w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 150px\" src=\"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/S3-credentials-a833c5b7e8fc8dcef9173da77583479a.png.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"uag-image-24808\" width=\"1249\" height=\"845\" title=\"S3-credentials-a833c5b7e8fc8dcef9173da77583479a.png\" loading=\"lazy\" role=\"img\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-como-crear-un-archivo-de-copia-de-seguridad-en-el-servidor-linux\">C\u00f3mo Crear un Archivo de Copia de Seguridad en el Servidor Linux<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Primero, instalamos la \u00faltima versi\u00f3n de&nbsp;<strong>rclone<\/strong>&nbsp;con este comando:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>curl https:\/\/rclone.org\/install.sh | sudo bash<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Ahora creamos una copia de seguridad del usuario actual y almacenamos el archivo con la fecha en&nbsp;<code>\/opt\/backup\/<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mkdir \/opt\/backup\/\n\ncd \/opt\/backup &amp;&amp; tar -cvzf backup-$(date +%d.%m.%Y).tar.gz --directory=\/ \\\n--exclude=lost+found --exclude=dev\/* --exclude=proc\/* --exclude=run\/* \\\n--exclude=sys\/* --exclude=tmp\/* --exclude=mnt\/* --exclude=media\/* \\\n--exclude=opt\/backup\/* .<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-explicacion-del-comando\">Explicaci\u00f3n del comando:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>tar<\/code>: crea un archivo comprimido.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>c<\/code>: (create) crea un nuevo archivo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>v<\/code>: (verbose) muestra la salida detallada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>z<\/code>: (gzip) comprime el archivo con gzip.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>f<\/code>: (file) indica el nombre y ubicaci\u00f3n del archivo. Debe ir al final de las opciones.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\/ruta\/archivo.tar.gz<\/code>: ruta donde se guardar\u00e1 el archivo comprimido.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Como puedes ver, se excluyen ciertos directorios para ahorrar espacio o evitar archivos grandes no deseados (como en&nbsp;<code>\/tmp<\/code>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-configurar-rclone-en-un-servidor-linux\">Configurar Rclone en un Servidor Linux<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Asumimos que los archivos y carpetas que deseas respaldar est\u00e1n en la carpeta&nbsp;<code>\/opt\/backup\/<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Configura\u00a0<strong>Rclone<\/strong>\u00a0siguiendo la documentaci\u00f3n oficial del producto\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/help.contabo.com\/en\/support\/solutions\/articles\/103000305592-what-is-the-rclone-tool-\">aqu\u00ed<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Una vez configurado, podemos realizar la copia de seguridad del servidor Linux con&nbsp;<strong>rclone<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-transferir-el-archivo-de-copia-de-seguridad-desde-el-servidor-linux-a-s3\">Transferir el Archivo de Copia de Seguridad desde el Servidor Linux a S3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Supongamos que hemos llamado a nuestro almacenamiento de objetos&nbsp;<strong>eu2<\/strong>&nbsp;y a nuestra carpeta de backup&nbsp;<strong>backup<\/strong>. Primero, creamos un bucket donde almacenaremos los archivos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rclone mkdir eu2:backup<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Despu\u00e9s de completar la \u201cConfiguraci\u00f3n Inicial\u201d, ejecuta el siguiente comando para guardar los archivos en tu Object Storage:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rclone copy -P \/opt\/backup eu2:backup\/server1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-alternativas\">Alternativas:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Copiar todos los datos:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rclone copy -P \/opt\/backup eu2:bucketname\/server1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mover archivos y eliminarlos localmente:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rclone move -P \/opt\/backup eu2:bucketname\/server1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sincronizar datos con el almacenamiento remoto:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rclone sync -P \/opt\/backup eu2:bucketname\/server1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-5-programar-copias-de-seguridad-con-rclone\">5. Programar Copias de Seguridad con Rclone<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tras finalizar la configuraci\u00f3n inicial, puedes programar la creaci\u00f3n autom\u00e1tica de copias de seguridad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Primero, creamos el script:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo nano \/var\/rclone.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Agrega lo siguiente:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\n\ncd \/opt\/backup &amp;&amp; tar -cvzf backup-$(date +%d.%m.%Y).tar.gz --directory=\/ \\\n--exclude=lost+found --exclude=dev\/* --exclude=proc\/* --exclude=run\/* \\\n--exclude=sys\/* --exclude=tmp\/* --exclude=mnt\/* --exclude=media\/* \\\n--exclude=opt\/backup\/* .\n\n\/usr\/bin\/rclone sync -P --update --verbose --transfers 30 \\\n--log-file=\/var\/log\/upload.log \"\/opt\/backup\" \"eu2:backup\/\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Haz el script ejecutable:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo chmod +x \/var\/rclone.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Agrega el script al cron:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo crontab -e<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Y a\u00f1ade la siguiente l\u00ednea:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * * \/var\/rclone.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Este ejemplo ejecutar\u00e1 la copia de seguridad todos los d\u00edas a las 02:00. Puedes cambiar la hora seg\u00fan tus necesidades. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-restaurar-los-datos-con-rclone\">Restaurar los Datos con Rclone<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Para restaurar una copia de seguridad:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rclone copy -P eu2:backup\/server1 \/opt\/backup<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Solo tienes que invertir el origen y destino y especificar cu\u00e1l backup deseas recuperar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-informacion-adicional\">Informaci\u00f3n Adicional<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Puedes consultar m\u00e1s detalles sobre las <a href=\"https:\/\/rclone.org\/flags\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">opciones de configuraci\u00f3n<\/a> y par\u00e1metros en la\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/rclone.org\/s3\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">documentaci\u00f3n oficial<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En algunos casos, si tienes una velocidad de subida muy baja, puede ser necesario a\u00f1adir esta opci\u00f3n al script:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>--s3-chunk-size 200M<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Copia de Seguridad de un Servidor Linux en S3 Object Storage usando Rclone En esta publicaci\u00f3n, te mostraremos c\u00f3mo crear copias de seguridad manuales y programadas de cualquier servidor Linux en un almacenamiento de objetos S3 utilizando&nbsp;rclone. Esta gu\u00eda puede usarse para realizar copias de seguridad en cualquier servidor que ejecute Linux, ya sea un\u00a0Servidor [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":56,"featured_media":24812,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1988],"tags":[3055,3057,3056,3049,3051,3054,3050,3048,3052,3053],"ppma_author":[1526],"class_list":["post-24807","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tutoriales","tag-automatizar-backups-linux","tag-backup-incremental-rclone","tag-backup-rclone-s3","tag-copia-de-seguridad-servidor","tag-programacion-backup-linux","tag-rclone-contabo","tag-rclone-linux","tag-rclone-object-storage","tag-restaurar-backup-linux","tag-servidor-ubuntu-backup"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/blog-head_1200x630_backup-linux.jpg",1200,630,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/blog-head_1200x630_backup-linux-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/blog-head_1200x630_backup-linux-600x315.jpg",600,315,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/blog-head_1200x630_backup-linux-768x403.jpg",768,403,true],"large":["https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/blog-head_1200x630_backup-linux.jpg",1200,630,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/blog-head_1200x630_backup-linux.jpg",1200,630,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/blog-head_1200x630_backup-linux.jpg",1200,630,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Kevin","author_link":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/es\/author\/kevink\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Copia de Seguridad de un Servidor Linux en S3 Object Storage usando Rclone En esta publicaci\u00f3n, te mostraremos c\u00f3mo crear copias de seguridad manuales y programadas de cualquier servidor Linux en un almacenamiento de objetos S3 utilizando&nbsp;rclone. Esta gu\u00eda puede usarse para realizar copias de seguridad en cualquier servidor que ejecute Linux, ya sea un\u00a0Servidor&hellip;","authors":[{"term_id":1526,"user_id":56,"is_guest":0,"slug":"kevink","display_name":"Kevin","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6445e432ffc4b2c28a228b7ef8d536965ffc588d2bfedd5e77efab91039a5a8f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24807","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/56"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24807"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24807\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24811,"href":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24807\/revisions\/24811"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24812"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24807"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24807"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24807"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/contabo.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=24807"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}